猫毛不是引起猫过敏的原因

猫毛不是引起猫过敏的原因

猫毛不是引起猫过敏的原因

猫过敏

与普遍的看法相反，猫毛不是引起过敏反应的原因。

主要在猫的唾液腺和皮脂腺（皮肤）中产生的过敏原是触发过敏个体反应的诱因。1-3 

当猫梳理毛发时，这些过敏原会转移到毛发和皮肤上，并通过脱落的毛发和皮屑扩散到环境中。 虽然猫的毛发可以携带过敏原，但毛发本身并不是对猫过敏的根源。

事实

当大多数人对猫有过敏反应时，他们通常会对一种特殊的过敏原作出反应，这种过敏原被称为 Fel d 1。1,4

  • Fel d 1 在猫的唾液腺、皮脂腺（皮肤）和肛腺中产生。1,5,6
  • 在梳理毛发的过程中，Fel d 1 会扩散到猫的毛发和皮肤上，然后分散在皮屑（干燥的皮肤薄片）上，并在家中四散脱落。1,2,5,7,8

了解更多信息

  1. Bonnet, B., Messaoudi, K., Jacomet, F., Michaud, E. Fauquert, J.L., Caillaud, D., & Evrard, B. (2018). An update on molecular cat allergens: Fel d 1 and what else? Chapter 1: Fel d 1, the major cat allergen. Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology, 14, 14. doi: 10.1186/s13223-018-0239-8
  2. Salo, P.M., Cohn, R.D., & Zeldin, D.C. (2018). Bedroom allergen exposure beyond house dust mites. Current Allergy and Asthma Reports, 18, 52. doi: 10.1007/s11882-018-0805-7 
  3. Zahradnik, E. & Raulf, M. (2017). Respiratory allergens from furred mammals: environmental and occupational exposure. Veterinary Sciences 4, 38. doi: 10.3390/vetsci4030038 
  4. van Ree, R., van Leeuwen, W., Bulder, I., Bond, J. & Aalberse, R. (1999). Purified natural and recombinant Fel d 1 and cat albumin in in vitro diagnostics for cat allergy. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 104, 1223-1230.
  5. Luczynska, C., Li, Y., Chapman, M., & Platts-Mills, T. (1990). Airborne concentrations and particle size distribution of allergen derived from domestic cats (Felis domesticus). Measurements using cascade impactor, liquid impinger, and a two-site monoclonal antibody assay for Fel d 1. American Review Respiratory Diseases, 141, 361-367.
  6. Kelly, S.M., Karsh, J., Marcelo, J., Boeckh, D., Stepner, N., Litt, D.,...Yang, W.H. (2018). Fel d 1 and Fel d4 levels in cat fur, saliva and urine. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.07.033 
  7. Bartholome, K., Kissler, W., Baer, H., Kopietz Schulte, E., & Wahn, U. (1985). Where does cat allergen 1 come from? Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 76, 503-506.
  8. Dabrowski, A., Van der Brempt, X., Soler, M., Seguret, N., Lucciani, P., Charpin, D., & Vervloet, D. (1990). Cat skin as an important source of Fel d 1 allergen. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 86, 462-465.